I understood you are working in 2D. I have only worked in 3D, but it should be almost the same:
var PlayerPos = self.get_global_transform().origin
var PointsArray = [Vector2(0, 0), Vector2(5, 5)]
for Point in PointsArray:
var DistanceToPoint = PlayerPos.distance_to(Point)
if DistanceToPoint > 10:
allowShoot = false
ORIGIN is a property of TRANSFORM, and is a Vector2 in 2D and a Vector3 in 3D. Since you already have a position in Vector2 format, you just need your player position in Vector2.