print(Enemies[0].get_file())
#return Archer.png
print(Enemies[0].get_file().get_basename())
#return Archer
But it has nothing to do with the name of the variable. For that, as they told you, a dictionary is better:
var Enemies={
Archer= "res://Sprites/Archer.png",
Bear= "res://Sprites/Bear.png",
GobAr = "res://Sprites/GobAr.png"
}
func _ready():
print(Enemies)
for i in Enemies.keys():
print(i)
for i in Enemies.values():
print(i)
print(Enemies.Archer)