Unless you want all of your spells to be subtle variations of each other, it's a matter of defining all of the combinations.
Start by working on the simplest version of what you want to do. Then iterate on things as you learn and add additional complexity.
For example:
- Implement casting a spell that costs zero mana.
- Implement casting a spell that costs one mana.
- Implement casting a spell that costs one mana of a different type.
- Implement casting a spell that costs two mana.
- Implement casting a spell that costs two mana of different types.
- etc.
There are plenty of tutorials available for how to do things like play an animation, create a particle effect, create UI elements, or handle mouse input. You will have to learn these pieces and put them together to create your game. Consider creating a small learning project for each concept before combining them together.