The answer is always "it depends", though someone with more Godot experience might help. As always, this is a guess about what your question asks: feel free to add to it.
First, you probably want to make sprite with a long chain. Then you can place it, but constrain the rendering size to the portion between the anchors. That is, you have a long chain but only show the visible links. For a curved chain (catenary shape), your sprite should look OK by cutting off both ends and showing the centers. You may want a separate sprite for the first couple of links: a parial link shows more at the ends than the center.
Are you looking at how Godot can render that? Or worried about the physics of the chain?